COOL SEASON COVER CROPS
Grasses
Grasses are a good choice of cover crops if there is a need to scavenge nutrients, especially nitrogen, leftover from a previous crop. They also produce large amounts of residue, prevent soil erosion, promote aggregation, and provide organic matter to the soil.
CEREAL RYE
Secale cereale
Rapid growth
Weed suppression
Low germination and growth temperature requirements
Retains residual nitrogen
SPRING OATS
Avena sp.
Rapid growth
Weed suppression
High-quality forage
Build up soil aggregates
Retains residual nitrogen
Legumes
CRIMSON CLOVER
Improve nutrient and water infiltration
Roots grow to 18" deep in 45 days
Can fix over 200 lbs of N per acre
Break up soil compation
HAIRY VETCH
Can fix over 100 lbs of N per acre
Nitrogen is released rapidly after termination
Great rooting system
Reduces risk of N immobilization
Break up soil compaction
Brassicas
PURPLE TOP TURNIP
Nutrient scavenger
Weed suppression
Good grazing value
Work best when mixed with grasses
RADISH
Rapid fall growth
It fits perfectly into a traditional corn and soybean rotation
Increases water infiltration and reduces soil erosion
Biological subsoiler